Explosive welding of metals in a vacuum environment smt holland. Welding methods can roughly be classified into pressure processes, fusion processes, and. Explosion and asphyxiation deaths among contract employees in industrial plants 5 the other employers have onsite access to material safety data sheets for each hazardous chemical the other employers employees may be exposed to while working. This is then usually taken to mean the explosive welding and cladding of metals, although explosives can. The flying sparks, hot workpiece, and hot equipment can cause fires and burns. At the time of the preparation of this chapter, the referenced codes and other standards were valid. Fire and explosion hazards in welding and safety measures to be taken are discussed slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The base metal is the plate onto which the cladding metal is being bonded. Particular attention is given to controlling dust, eliminating ignition sources and minimizing damage. Remove all potential fire hazards from the welding area, for at least 35 feet. Tubes welded in tubetotubeplate joints are usually of diameter between 12 to 40 mm.
Metals welded for such joints include, steel, copper alloys, stainless steels, nickel alloys, clad steels, and both. A guide to combustible dusts examines the sources of combustible dusts and the conditions necessary for a dust explosion to occur. Warning these slides have not been extensively proofread, and therefore may contain errors. Dupley, the ohio state university marine mechanical corporation mmc is seeking a drastic reduction of time required to produce proprietary components for their pending and future contracts with the united states navy. The surface film may also be dissipated in a melted region so that the weld is formed via a solidified zone. As with other welding processes, the explosion cladding process applies special terminology to many of the process variables. During this shutdown, the asbestos insulation on slurry tanks 1 and 2 was to be removed. Introduction explosive welding is a solid state metal joining. Explosion welding, technical growth and commercial history pdf. Inpractice,regularuseismadeof aggressivereagents,towhichnormal. Once the films have been removed, the underlying metal can be brought together by high pressure to form the metallic weld. Investigation of november 16, 2012, explosion, fire and.
Media in category explosion welding the following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. Fire caused by heat, sparks, slag or flames contacting combustible or flammable materials in the welding area. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Further explosion bonded multilaminates are certified for manned space flight and both civilian and military aerospace applications. Welding can be defined as the process of joining two or more. Explosion cladding is a solid state welding process that uses precision explosions to bond two dissimilar metals while retaining the mechanical, electrical and corrosion. Explosion and asphyxiation deaths among contract employees in. Characteristics of explosions an explosion is a rapid.
Have the proper class of fire extinguisher ready for immediate use. Unused welding consumables may remain hot for a period of time after completion of a welding process. This clad plate is typically used in the chemical and petrochemical industries as tube sheet for heat exchangers. Welding explosiveweldingofmetalsin avacuumenvironment. Request pdf recent developments in explosive welding explosion welding exw is one of the joining methods consisting of a solid state welding process in which controlled explosive detonation. Do not weld where flying sparks can strike flammable material.
Installation and operation of arc cutting and welding equipment and operation of gas cutting and welding equipment shall be in accordance with ansi z49. Welding on closed containers, such as tanks, drums, or pipes, can cause them to blow up. Welding arcs and sparks can ignite combustibles and flammable products. Welding includes joining methods as diverse as fusion welding, forge welding, friction welding, braze welding, brazing, soldering and explosion welding. Pdf explosive welding or cladding is usually performed on relative thick plates by means of a large scale parallel plate setup. Check and be sure the area is safe before doing any welding.
A second step would be more stringent requirements for chemical plant safety. The explosion and fire, which occurred during welding work that was being conducted as part of. Nfpa 51b2019 nfpa 51b standard for fire prevention. Prolonged skin contact may cause reddening and drying of skin or dermatitis in sensitive individuals due to nickel andor chromium content in steel. What is explosive welding and in what applications is it used.
In addition, stray welding current may cause extensive damage to equipment, buildings and electrical circuits. Numerical and experimental studies on the explosive welding of. F1 guidelines for handling aluminum fines generated during. This process is most commonly utilized to clad carbon steel plate with a thin layer of corrosion resistant material e. Explosion welding exw is a solidstate metaljoining process that uses explosive force to create an electronsharing metallurgical bond between two. Explosion welded transition joints offer superior joining and is the only solution widely used in industry for welding highly dissimilar metals. The relationship of the welding parameters to the metallurgical properties is discussed. Explosion welding process, uses an explosive detonation as. Recent developments in explosive welding request pdf.
Sep 25, 2016 explosion welding is a solid state process where welding is accomplished by accelerating one of the components at extremely high velocity through the use of chemical explosives. Improper use and storage of oxygen and acetylene may result in fire or explosion. This standard shall cover provisions to prevent injury, loss of life, and loss of property from fire or explosion as a result of hot work. Explosion welding welding, brazing and soldering handbooks. These researchers have tried to capture the weld quality of explosion welding while making those bonds easier, safer, and more costeffective to make. What is explosive welding and in what applications is it. Inspect the arc welder before starting any operation. The welding process is made possible by the application of explosion welded materials. In the process of explosive welding, the impact of two plates is accompanied, as a rule, by a. The welding process involves applying heat and pressure to the materials being joined, in addition to a filler material, in order to create a weld pool which cools to form a strong joint. Explosive welding is a proven process that has gained navy approval for joining aluminum to steel milj24445. Volume 2 of the american welding societys welding handbook, 8th edition, presents in1.
Basics explosion welding is a solidstate process that produces a high velocity interaction of dissimilar metals by a controlled detonation oxides found on material surfaces must be removed by effacement or dispersion surface atoms of two joining metals must come into intimate contact to achieve metallic bond. Sep 15, 2016 explosion cladding is a solid state welding process that uses precision explosions to bond two dissimilar metals while retaining the mechanical, electrical and corrosion properties of both. Protect yourself and others from flying sparks and hot metal. Welding is a method of joining metals in which heat andor pressure are applied to the area of contact between the two components. Taking the explosion out of explosion welding american. Explosion venting just because a dust collector is equipped with explosion venting does not mean that it is vented correctly the employer must prove that the explosion venting is designed properly must make sure that the pressure needed to release the vent panel pstat i small compared with the maximum tolerable explosion pressure p. This is then usually taken to mean the explosive welding and cladding of. Welding is a potentially hazardous activity and precautions are required to avoid electrocution, fire and explosion. It provides metallurgical bond between two bodies, by using controlled explosion to generate high speed impact. Explosio welding was carried out with 6 x 150 x 200 mm 0. Stainless steel world march 2010 1 thepurposeofexplosive welding. The upper plate is then covered with an explosive 2 with a detonator connected to it.
Effect of explosive characteristics on the explosive welding of. Pdf study of the explosive welding process and applications. This is a pdf file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for. Welding process impact velocity welding parameter detonation. In explosive welded plates at the collision point, the perfectly clean surfaces are brought together under very high pressure. This industry guide discusses how to assess dust hazards and how to mitigate those hazards. Nuhgraha, 23711 roy faizal, 23711007 ethys pranoto, 23111024220120 1 2. Two plates, the upper one is usually a cladding plate, laid on each other with spacers 1. Reducing the fire and explosion hazards of flamecutting and.
Explosion welding exw is a solid state solidphase process where welding is accomplished by accelerating one of the components at extremely high velocity. Major fires and explosions have been reduced over the last few decades at coal mines in the united states. Explosionwelding makes economically useful clad materials. Railclad is produced through an explosion welding process that uses explosions to weld large plates of aluminum alloy to steel. Welding is the process of coalescing materials such as metals or thermoplastics in order to seamlessly join them. Download full mechanical engineering seminar topics pdf in doc, pdf or ppt format. The application of explosive welding has unique advantages in joining metals that would frequently be incompatible, such as titanium or zirconium and steel. Explosion welding exw is a solid state solidphase process where welding is accomplished. Explosion welding exw is a solid state solidphase process where welding is accomplished by accelerating one of the components at extremely high velocity through the use of chemical explosives. Demand for welding equipment and consumables in the u. If this is not possible, tightly cover them with approved covers. For most welding, a combination extinguisher class a, b, c is best. In the last few years, many industry innovators have taken note of the drawbacks of explosion welding. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website.
A short note on explosion welding was published 2 in issue 9 of practical welding letter for may 2004. Explosion welding is a solid state process where welding is accomplished by accelerating one of the components at extremely high velocity through the. Improper or inadequate repairs may result in smeltwater explosion or extended loss of. Modern aerospace, railway, automotive, and construction applications invariably require the use of lightweight materials that simultaneously provide the utmost in reliability. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information wikidata item cite this page. Explosionwelding is a solid state process it provides metallurgical bond between two bodies, by using controlled explosion to generate high speed impact a short note on explosion welding was published 2 in issue 9 of practical welding letter for may 2004. The temperature is read from the file in the latter simulation. Accidental contact of electrode to metal objects can cause sparks, explosion, overheating, or fire.
The national institute for occupational safety and health niosh conducted a study on ires and explosions in underground u. Sanok, aiaa 20003406, explosive joining for the mars sample return mission, 36 th aiaaasmesaeasee joint propulsion conference and exhibit, july 1719, 2000. With respect to flame cutting and welding fires, pomroy and carigiet reported that 16% of the 164 underground. Explosion bonded clad plates by means of vacuum technology. Determining the root causes of flame cutting and welding. Explosive welding an overview sciencedirect topics. Lead arc welding of a forged steel cupandcross tiedown assembly into an aluminum aircraft carrier deck plate. Materials and welding guidelines for black liquor recovery boilers october 2010 page 6 general welding forward for sections 1 and 2 proper repairs to black liquor recovery boilers may be more critical than repairs to conventional power boilers. This results in the upper plate being pressed down against the bottom of the common contact point 3 at a very high speed, so that the sheets are fused together. It is a solid state process where dissimilar metals are permanently welded. F1 guidelines for handling aluminum fines generated. For further information on the categorization of the welding, joining, cutting, and allied processes, see appendix a.
The explosive welding technique has found major use for cladding low cost plate usually carbon steel with more expensive corrosion resistant materials. Examples of potential sources of ignition are open flames, welding equipment and cutting torches, matches and. Overall, the market for explosionwelded clad metal has continuously grown since its inception, with demand. The cladding metal also called the cladder is the plate, which is in contact with the explosive. Fire and explosion hazards welding sparks can cause fires and explosions sparks and spatter from the welding arc can spray up to 35 feet from your work flammable materials should be removed from the welding area or shielded from sparks and spatter have a fire extinguisher ready inspect area for fires 30 minutes after welding. The contact point move at the same speed and direction as the detonation, when the explosive is fully. Explosion cladding is a solid state welding process that uses precision explosions to bond two dissimilar metals while retaining the mechanical, electrical and corrosion properties of both. The underwater explosive welding process was explored and has been successfully applied to clad metallic foils, including w foils. Activating the detonator causes an explosion along the length of the workpiece.
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